DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN THE PRC: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

This article presents an integrative study of the digital transformation of physical education (PE) in China during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. It combines a systematic review of 48 empirical studies (2019–2025) with a Delphi panel of 18 Chinese PE and ed-tech experts. The research is grounded in Digital Transformation theory, the TPACK framework, and Self-Determination Theory, offering a three-tiered ana lytical model (policy, pedagogy, motivation).
The introduction outlines national reforms (e.g., Education Informatization 2.0, Healthy China 2030), highlighting the urgency to merge physical activity goals with digital education platforms. It frames PE as a strategic tool for both public health and smart-education advancement.
The literature review synthesizes findings on digital tools such as AI-powered feedback, wearable sensors, and VR labs, noting moderate success in improving student engagement and fitness outcomes. Yet it identifies systemic limitations in digital literacy among teachers and technological access in rural regions.
The methodology describes a mixed-methods design: (1) a systematic review of Chinese PE studies using digital tools, and (2) a Delphi panel consultation to assess practical challenges and pedagogical priorities. Quality control followed PRISMA and CASP protocols.
Results highlight four domains: (1) infrastructure and access, (2) pedagogical design and engagement, (3) health and psychological outcomes, and (4) governance and professional development. Key findings reveal uneven broadband penetration, limited teacher tech-efficacy, and short-term engagement drops in gamified learning.
The discussion emphasizes the “capacity gap” between policy ambition and real-world implementation. Long-term solutions include upskilling PE teachers in AI and XR, funding rural connectivity, and embedding gamified tools in formal curricula.
The conclusion asserts that aligning policy, pedagogy, and motivation is vital for scaling digital PE. When executed cohesively, digital PE can enhance fitness, motor skills, and well-being – fulfilling the dual vision of Healthy China 2030 and Smart-Education.