CYBERCRIME: CRIMINAL LAW CHARACTERISTICS AND COUNTERMEASURES

Abstract

Introduction. The article examines cybercrime as one of the most dynamic and transnational threats of the modern digital society. The relevance of the topic is обусловлена the rapid digitalization of social relations, the growing number of criminal offenses committed in cyberspace, and the need to improve criminal law mechanisms for combating such acts, particularly under martial law conditions. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive criminal law analysis of cybercrime, identify gaps in current legislation, and develop proposals to enhance counteraction mechanisms. The research is based on general scientific and special legal methods, including formal-logical, systemic-structural, comparative-legal analysis, and the study of regulatory sources.

Summary of the main results of the study. The paper analyzes the provisions of the Convention on Cybercrime (2001), Chapter XVI of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and the Law of Ukraine «On the Basic Principles of Ensuring Cybersecurity of Ukraine». The elements of criminal offenses in the field of information technology are characterized, and problematic aspects of their legal qualification and practical application are identified. The necessity of legislative improvement in accordance with contemporary technological challenges and international standards is substantiated. An innovative concept of «cyber immunity» is proposed, including the mechanisms of «cyber vaccination», «cyber leukocytes», and «cyber memory» as preventive tools against cyber threats.

Conclusion. The conclusions emphasize that effective counteraction to cybercrime requires a comprehensive approach combining legislative modernization, technological development, increased public cyber awareness, and active international cooperation. The proposed approaches may serve as a foundation for further academic research and practical reforms in the field of cybersecurity.