M. D. PYLCHIKOV'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PHYSICAL DEVICES AND TO THE SUPPLEMENTATION OF COLLECTIONS OF DEVICES OF PHYSICAL CABINETS AND LABORATORIES OF KHARKIV AND ODESSA UNIVERSITIES AND KHARKIV TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE

doi:10.26565/2222-5617-2025-42-11

V. P. Poyda V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-7145
V. I. Biletsʹkyy V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-6376
K. I. Bayramova V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-3652
O. M. Menʹshova National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, 2 Kyrpychova St., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9218-6600
P. L. Veytsman National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, 2 Kyrpychova St., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4371-155X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/2222-5617-2025-42-11

Keywords: history of physics, history of physical education, physical instruments, European manufacturers of physical and meteorological instruments, scientific, pedagogical, inventive and organizational activities

Abstract

The article summarizes information about the activities of M. D. Pylchykov, aimed at developing of new physical devices, as well as replenishing of the devices collections that were used in physics cabinets, in educational and research laboratories of Kharkiv and Odessa Universities and the Kharkiv Institute of Technology. M. D. Pylchykov corresponded with the heads of companies that manufactured educational and scientific equipment, purchased devices from them, and ordered devices of his own design for manufacture. M. D. Pylchykov developed a number of new devices and improved some of the existing ones. He made a significant contribution to replenishing of the collection of the physics department of Kharkiv University with instruments and equipment. In 1891, on his initiative, a magnetic and meteorological department of the physics department and a meteorological station were created and equipped with instruments at Kharkiv University. During the Odessa period of his activity, M. D. Pylchikov organized a measuring laboratory at Odessa University. During the time that M. D. Pylchykov worked at the Kharkiv Institute of Technology, the physics room, physics laboratory, and meteorological observatory of the institute were significantly replenished with instruments and the latest scientific equipment. The article analyzes the data obtained as a result of a purposeful search, study, identification, and restoration of a number of physical devices that were probably purchased by M. D. Pylchykov for his physical offices and laboratories and which he could have used during classes and research.

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