Visual and verbal components of Latin chronograms

  • Наталія Василівна Корольова Institute of Philology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (14, Taras Shevchenko Boulevard, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine)
Keywords: chronogram, Latin language, language game

Abstract

Language games exist in almost every language and they provide a wide range of techniques. Among them there are сhronograms – words or phrases, in which letters of a different font or/and a color, simultaneously denoting also Roman numerals, form a specific date while composing. Chronograms have several levels of perception and they are characterized by the synthesis of verbal and visual components, that allows to emphasize the date of a particular event and concentrate the attention of a reader on the information focused in the message. The scope of the use of chronograms and, accordingly, their typology are extremely diverse. Chronograms can be found in biographical and historical works, they decorate the title pages of books of various contents, hide on commemorative medals and objects of everyday life, appear through the stone of buildings and sculptural compositions. Chronograms can look like one word, laconic expression or even form several tens and thousands of lines of a poetic work. They enjoyed the greatest popularity in the XVII-XVIII centuries, when the lives of ordinary citizens, not to mention outstanding personalities, became the reason for creating a chronogram. Birth and death, marriage, military victory, solemn visit – any event, serious or mediocre, was reflected in the chronograms. Due to the contents Latin chronograms can be divided into several types as follows: chronograms-events and dates, chronograms-congratulations (on the occasion of birth, death, marriage, ascension to the throne, receiving a priest's rank, the publication of a scientific research or invention etc.); biographical chronograms; zodiac or calendar chronograms; sacred chronograms, chronograms-legends on medals. The most common are chronograms-dates and chronograms-epitaphs.

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Author Biography

Наталія Василівна Корольова, Institute of Philology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (14, Taras Shevchenko Boulevard, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine)

PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of General Linguistics, Classical Philology and Neoelinistic

References

Литература

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Boym, M. (1656) Flora Sinensis, fructus floresque humillime porrigens serenissimo et potentissimo Leopoldo Ignatio, Hungariae regi florentissimo, &c. Fructus saecul promittenti Augustissimos. Vienna,.

Corollae majales doctis verticibus impositae (1700) Quando D. Philippus Braun… in Universit. Herbipol. Professor Publicus&Ordin. D. Joannem Bernardum Mayer, Laudanum. D. Joannem Georgium Fries, Herbip. D. Adamum Conradum Reibelt, Herbip. D. Joannem Casparum Christianum Papium, Herbip. ... coronavit, dum in Alma Eoo-Francica Vniversitate Herbipol. ... J. U. Doctores inauguravit typis Joannis Michaëlis Kleyer.

Dilatus, J. (1689) Austriae Gloria, Chronographicis Gratulationibus, et Votis expressa, Serenissimo, Potentissimo, et Invictissimo Principi, Domino, Domino Leopoldo Romanorum Imperatori semper Augusto, Hungariae, Bohemiae, Dalmatiae, Croatiae, Sclavoniae, etc. etc. Regi, Archiduci Austriae ... Brunae : Francisci Ignatij Sinapij.

Dzieduszycki, M. (1872) Kościół katedralny lwowski obrz. łacińskiego pod wezw. Wniebowzięcia Najśw. Panny. Lwów: Nakł. Hołyńskiego, z drukarni Karola. Budweisera.

Germania Austriaca, Seu Topographia Omnium Germaniae Provinciarum, Augustissimae Domui Austriacae Haereditario Jure Subjectarum (1701) : In qua fermè omnia vetera locorum nomina, situs, & origo cum praesentibus diligentissimè conferuntur, plurimae Civitates, Monasteria, Oppida, & Arces, ac praecipua eorum monumenta accuratissimè describuntur, omniaque allegatis tum veterum tùm recentiorum Authorum Testimoniis optimè confirmantur, nec non novis aeri incisis cujusvis Provinciae Tabulis elegantissimè illustrantur. Sumptibus Joannis Baptistae Schönwetter, Typis Joannis Georgii Schlegel,.

Hilton, J. (1895) Chronograms Collected, More Than 4,000 in Number: Since the Publication of the Two Preceding Volumes in 1882 and 1885, vol.2. London : E. Stock.

Hilton, J. (1882) Chronograms: 5000 and More in Number, Excerpted Out of Various Authors and Collected at Many Places. London : E. Stock.

Impeköven, J. (1665) Chronica chronographica: ab anno 1600. Vienna : Cosmerovius.

Metro-chrono-achrosticè gratulatoria epinicia quae capucini Gandavenses humiliter offerunt (1779)... Ferdinando Mariae principi de Lobkowitz ... ex XIV. Namurcensium XVII. Gandavensium episcopo cathedram solemniter adeunti 22. Novembris 1779. Ex chalcographia viduae Servatii Somers.

Peignot, G. (1808) Amusements philologiques ou variétés en tous genres. Paris.

Raczyński, E. (1838) Gabinet medalów polskich oraz tych, które się dziejów Polski tyczą: 1513-1696, vol 2. Wrocław.

Raczyński, E. (1841) Gabinet medalów polskich oraz tych, które się dziejów Polski tyczą. Począwszy od wstąpienia na tron Augusta II aż do zgonu syna jego Augusta III (1697-1763), vol.3. Poznań.

Tisdale, R. )1623) Pax vobis, or Wit's Changes Turned in a Latine Hexameter of Peace (relating to James the First). London: G. Eld and M. Flesher.

Veress, A. (1931) Bibliografia română-ungară: Românii in literatura ungară şi ungurii in literatura română: (1781-1838). V. 1. Cartea Românească. București.

Wright, A. (1656) Parnassus biceps. Or Severall choice pieces of poetry, composed by the best wits that were in both the universities before their dissolution. With an epistle in the behalfe of those now doubly secluded and sequestred Members, by one who himselfe is none. London : Printed for George Eversden at the signe of the Maidenhead in St. Pauls Church-yard.

Published
2019-05-22
How to Cite
Корольова, Н. В. (2019). Visual and verbal components of Latin chronograms. The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series “Philology”, (79), 159-166. https://doi.org/10.26565/2227-1864-2018-79-28
Section
Classical languages in modern linguistic paradigms