Socio-demographic factors of the development of agriculture of the Kharkiv region

Abstract

Relevance. Agriculture of Kharkiv region is formed by the combination of factors: natural and geographical, economic, socio-demographic, as well as agroclimatic, land, and water resources. Socio-demographic factors are the main ones, with the level of agriculture development.

The purpose of the article. To identify the impact of socio-demographic factors on the development of agriculture in Kharkiv region, to analyze the current demographic situation in the region, the level of social infrastructure and to the ways to increase the level of agricultural development in the region.

Results. Demographic factors include the number and density of the population, its age and sex composition, labor resources, remoteness of settlements from the regional and district centers. The totality of these factors affects the provision of agriculture with labor, as well as the formation of agricultural specialization. In Kharkiv region there is a high proportion of the urban population, a large migration activity of the rural population, especially young people, a fairly large employment in the agrarian sector, the availability of skilled labor resources that could be used in agriculture, an efficient system of resettlement. A negative problem of the current demographic situation in the region is the rural population, since agriculture is an unprivileged area of rural employment. Social factors include the type of land relations, forms of ownership, the level of socio-cultural provision. A huge role in the production of agricultural produce belongs to the farm. A comprehensive socio-geographic analysis of these factors will make it possible to identify agricultural specialization in Kharkiv region, as well as to effectively use land resources.

Scientific novelty. In the article, the factors of agricultural development in Kharkiv region were analyzed for the first time. Socio-demographic factors are decisive, as they affect agricultural specialization, development of suburban forms of agricultural production. A comprehensive study of these factors will increase the economic efficiency of agriculture, solve existing problems in the agricultural sector of Kharkiv region.