Analysis of Thermo-Magnetic Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Porous Stretching Sheet Considering Chemical Reaction Using RSM

Abstract

Thermophysical analysis of heat and mass transmission has many potential uses in solar collectors, chemical reactors, medicinal devices, and sophisticated cooling systems, among other applications. Owing to this incentive, the present work often employs response surface methodology for heat and mass transfer analysis of a Casson hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stretching sheet with convective and radiative effects. The control system of the PDEs defining the developed model is transformed into a coupled set of nonlinear ODEs by applying appropriate similarity transformations. The shooting method, implemented with MATLAB's BVP4c solver, is used to numerically integrate these simplified equations. Using tabulated data and graphical representations, the effects of relevant physical parameters on the distributions of velocity, temperature, and concentration are systematically examined. Additionally, Response Surface Methodology is used to statistically evaluate key response variables across a broad range of governing parameters, such as the skin-friction coefficient, heat, and mass-transfer rates. The findings show that increasing the Casson parameter reduces the temperature profile because the fluid's effective yield stress decreases. Furthermore, due to increased Lorentz forces, a higher magnetic field considerably reduces fluid velocity. Additionally, it has been observed that an increased solid volume fraction raises the nanofluid's temperature due to enhanced thermal conductivity. The statistical analysis indicates that the mass-transfer accuracy for the derived mathematical model in kerosene is 99.85%.