The Journal of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series: Social Communications

Electronic Content for Children: Theoretical and Sociological Aspects.

2021-11-20T15:02:01+00:00

Children are a special audience of the Internet with their own requirements, and electronic content for children has special, specific social functions. The article considers electronic content for children as an artifact of the modern information culture, including synthetic information replenishment of the site (texts, graphic, audio, video information), created to implement the social functions of the Internet, following the psychological and age characteristics of the target audience. Various characteristics of the Internet content are described: technical, informational, communication, discursive. The ambiguity of the understanding of the term «media content» in certain industry sciences and interdisciplinary research is emphasized. The possibilities of using various sociological methods of studying electronic content for children have been substantiated. The methodological and theoretical approaches to the study of the content for children on the Internet were clarified: the possibilities of applying general sociological approaches to the study of children's content on the Internet, such as structural-functional, socialization, riskological, symbolic interactionism, cultural and activity-based ones, were substantiated. As a result of the application of the structural and functional approach, seven grounds have been identified for the classification of the children's segment of Ukrnet: by functional purpose, by the degree of involvement of users, by the age of the main users, by the socio-economic component, by orientation towards interaction between generations, by the presence / absence of risk, by content educational information. The study identified the main social functions of the electronic content for children: informational, communicative, educational, cultural and educational, educational, integrative, normative and recreational. The definition of the electronic content as an artifact of society, a means of socialization, a cultural-educational, educational and integrative-communicative mechanism for intergrating children into social reality, which has both important positive functions and risks for society, family and juvenile age group, is given.

Popularization of Science in Ukraine: Mass Media Trends

2020-12-09T15:47:13+00:00

The article studies the present status of scientific journalism in Ukraine. It is stated that there is a certain lack of effective communication between scientists and the society. The author shows the negative dynamics of the presence of popular scientific content in media space structure, among such are a numerical decrease of news on scientific facts and discoveries, closing of headings devoted to science, reduction of the texts about outstanding scientists. The main problems of incorrect coverage of scientific issues are defined and analyzed, among them are the following: inversion of scientific facts, promotion of sensations and pathogenic content, leveling of scientific and pseudoscientific news. The author also covers the question of inadequate professional media and scientific training of the future science popularizers. The main features, a thematic specter and the forms of presenting scientific popular information in the media are identified. The article analyses the potential of new communication technologies in optimizing the scientific popular content in mass media. The author characterizes new communication platforms for effective promotion of the scientific content to different target audiences. The relevant issues for scientific popular mass media discourse and key tasks to be covered in scientific communication texts are defined. They vary from a simple statement of scientific facts to the formation of worldview, based on the relevant scientific paradigm. The article researches cognitive procedures that help to adapt scientific information to the ordinary perception by mass consciousness. The author discovers stereotypization as a mechanism of performing informational-educational function which is significant for scientific communication. Particular examples of stereotypical performing of scientific material have been analyzed.

Classification of Sexual Content on Ukrainian Television

2020-12-09T11:48:21+00:00

In the article, the sexual content on Ukrainian television is classified by genres: talk shows (social, reality shows, talent shows), humorous (stand-up comedy, parodies) and popular TV shows, interviews, movies, TV series, news (videos, reports, television commentary, press conferences, briefings), music videos; problematic (social, political, business, commercial, scientific, medical, religious content), distribution platforms (primary, secondary, convergent); the specific impact on audience (specialized, non-specialized (or mixed) and situational content); aims of creation (educational, entertaining); effects (objectification, sexualization, stereotypization, manipulation) and target audience (female, male, LGBT+, youth and retirees). The novelty of the scientific paper is based on genre, structural, problematic and thematic aspects of sexual content distribution, as well as forms of sexuality representation on Ukrainian television, which have become the new subject of detailed study in the field of social communications. The purpose of the article is to propose the author's classification of sexual content on Ukrainian television for 2013–2020. Objectives of the study: to classify sexual content on Ukrainian television; to monitor and identify the main problems and trends of modern television in the aspect of sexuality. The methods of monitoring (sexual content on Ukrainian television), classification, descriptive and comparative methods (description and comparison of talk shows, broadcasts, interviews, reports, news on sexual issues), analysis and synthesis (data obtained from the study), modeling (constructing a model of the sexual content distribution on Ukrainian television).

Latin Language in Media Space Everyday Life

2020-12-09T13:40:09+00:00

The article is devoted to defining possibilities of Latin language usage in media space and everyday life. The functioning of Latin in Ukrainan- and English-speaking media space is compared in the paper. The presence of Latin expressions in the media is examined as well as interpretation in the mass media the terms borrowed from Latin language by defining their etymology. Attention is drawn to the usage of abbreviations in social networks, media and everyday life; Latin slogans of different institutions, i. e. universities, public organizations, enterprises etc., are considered. In the daily life context Latin expressions are addressed in variants of tattoos, names of products etc.; exploitation of Latin names in branding and naming is emphasized; evidences of Latin language usage in culture are considered, in particular names of movies and television series, creative groups and associations, Latin language as language of characters in cinematography and literature. The usage of Latin language for the purpose of historical accuracy and for professional or social background determination of characters is differentiated with an agenda to draw public attention to the title of a piece of art. Particular attention in the article is given to so-called «living Latin», which denotes translation of modern and classical fiction texts into Latin language and development of oral speech skills while studying Latin. Another aspect of consideration is the Latin as an official language of the Vatican. The paper analyzes podcasts and radio programmes broadcasted in Latin, the Latin version of Wikipedia, etc. Authors discuss Latin as a language of education and science, in particular its use in medicine, pharmaceutics, law, philosophy and other professional fields. Integration of Latin in social networks and various digital platforms in order to exchange experiences between educators and provide the latest methods for distributing educational content is emphasized. The review and systematization of options for Latin usage in media space and everyday life allows describing it as a universal tool for globalization of the linguistic picture of the world, considering current state and future perspectives of the intellectual and cultural level of society. The article distinguishes the new functions of Latin language in XXI^st century such as those which determine its ability to be an indicator / marker for media’s quality rate; segmentation of audience by the parameter of education standard; creating the effect of cultural and intellectual game.

Ukrainian TV Content: Between an Alarm Clock and an Elephant

2021-11-20T14:44:43+00:00

Modern television, as one of the most spectacular and popular, and therefore insidious types of mass media, offering the audience mostly not so much entertaining, but simple content, acts as a carrier of two layers of content (the division is based on the humorous but quite serious assumption of the Ukrainian professor Z. Partico): content elephant (low quality) and content alarm clock (serious). The communication-technological and socio-social foundations of the functional characteristics of these types of presentation of material in television programs are analyzed. The article examines the peculiarities of the fragmentation of a television audience, depending on which type of the content this audience prefers. The theoretical principle of the secondary audience analysis is assessed, and a general assessment of the current state of both fragmentation and polarization of the Ukrainian television audience is given. It has been argued that the fragmentation of the audience that prefers the content elephant is more advanced than is generally recognized. Polarization, the trend towards a channel audience of supporters and viewers, is also evident. It is suggested that these two layers of content constitute a kind of a double danger zone, which generates both a large, but loyal, and a small, but disloyal audience. Loyalty to specific content and audience fragmentation depending on the chosen layer of the content affects the popularity of a particular TV media and has well-defined social consequences. Selected results of the sociological research «The attitude of journalists to the creation and functioning of civil television at the local level in Ukraine» are presented. The results indicate the reluctance of modern television journalists to introduce such communication and technological innovations that could influence the audience and provide it with the opportunity to receive quality content in a modern technological exposition.

A Model of Construction of Modern Ukrainian Reality Shows (On the Example of the Project «Blind Marriage»)

2021-11-20T14:52:59+00:00

The article emphasizes the similarity of the construction of texts of cinema, literature, and media, explained by the archetypal basis, which assumes the pattern of their construction. The central theory of intelligence was the concept of «monomyth» by J. Campbell, according to which the hero’s journey takes place in conformity with a universal scheme. It is emphasized that these recurring schemes in the plots were singled out and studied by the mythologist, based on the analysis of the myths of the peoples of the world. The popularity of J. Campbell’s book «The Hero with a Thousand Faces» among screenwriters and writers is considered. Particular attention is paid to the scheme of the hero’s journey adapted by K. Vogler, which he adopted from J. Campbell, as a supporter of his work. The author of the article notes that the hero’s adventure scheme, proposed by J. Campbell and adapted by K. Vogler, can serve as a universal scheme for writing scripts not only for fiction, film production, and computer games, but it can be applied to many reality shows. It was demonstrated by the author on the example of the project «Blind Marriage» (produced by «1+1 Media»). The choice of the reality show «Blind Marriage» is explained by the fact that in 2013 in Cannes the project entered the TOP-5 best formats of the year. Besides, it is the most popular show on one of the leading channels in Ukraine. The researcher turns to a step-by-step analysis of the project «Blind Marriage» (5 season, 1 series) with the help of twelve stages of the hero’s journey (everyday world, call to travel, rejection of call, meeting with a mentor, overcoming the first threshold, trials, allies and enemies, approaching the hidden cave, the main test, reward (acquisition of the sword), the way back, revival, revival with the elixir).

Storytelling in Modern Ukrainian Media

2020-12-09T11:58:00+00:00

The article is devoted to the study of storytelling, a way of presenting information through telling stories. On the one hand, this phenomenon is not new. On the other hand, recently this technique of presentation of the material has become extremely popular in various professional circles. It is used by psychologists, coaches, educators, marketers, copywriters, writers, journalists and others. An increase in interest in storytelling is indicated by the output of numerous scientific studies and popular science texts. On professional platforms and online platforms, various master classes, trainings and courses on this topic are increasingly appearing; books are published. The development of technology makes adjustments to the work of journalists, makes you think about new ways to collect and present information, and, consequently, storytelling. Modern society is oversaturated with information, and therefore more demanding on its content and design. The success of a journalistic text, the number of its views and reposts depends on the skills to search for interesting characters and fascinatingly tell stories about them. In particular, digital storytelling is a story that is filled with modern visual means of expression. Illustrations, videos, music complement the text and help to tell the story, expand it, it is better to immerse the recipient in the described atmosphere. The purpose of the article is to comprehend the phenomenon at a theoretical level, to review the functioning of storytelling in modern Ukrainian media. The features of storytelling as a modern communication technology are considered. The article gives and differentiates the basic concepts related to the researched topic. Varieties of storytelling, their structure and creation techniques are considered. The digital storytelling in Ukrainian media is analyzed. The types of digital story, the algorithms for working with such materials are investigated.

Winged Expressions and Author’s Aphorisms in the Aspect of Creating an Artistic image

2021-11-29T20:55:23+00:00

This article examines the author’s aphorisms and winged expressions of famous people of the world, writers of world literature and various public figures, Kazakh poets, as well as intertextual phrases and blotches from the classic works of Russian literature. Through the author’s detail of the philosophical sayings of great people, the reader gets acquainted with the most important, deep and eptonymic expressions that can influence a person’s worldview. In the works of T. Abdikov, author’s winged expressions also play an important role, influencing the creation of a portrait characterization of each of the heroes. Author’s winged expressions quite succinctly and succinctly convey to us the writer's thought, many of the sayings have become the literary heritage of the people. Often interviewers and journalists use the writer's aphorisms in the title of an article about Tolen Abdikov’s work. Within the framework of this study, the author’s winged expressions used in the context of the works of T. Abdikov, which attract the attention of the reader, are distinguished. Investigating the winged words or expressions of T. Abdikov, we found them in examples designed as a usual quotation of a hero or a typical saying expressing the position of the author. The writer made a kind of contribution to the rich, beautiful, sonorous Kazakh language. His works continue to delight and teach at the same time, for any reader they represent a fount of interesting phrases and winged expressions, since they concisely, accurately and figuratively describe any situation that reveals the image of the character, unfold and brilliantly complement the portrait characterization of the hero being described. His individual stories and stories have been translated into many languages: Ukrainian, Russian, Uzbek, Kyrgyz. In his works, T. Abdikov raises the problems of morality, art, science.

Blog as a Genre of Speech – Evolution of Epistolary Genre

2021-11-20T16:00:50+00:00

Since the beginning of the 20^th century Internet communication has been playing a big role in socio-cultural life of the Ukrainians. The development of virtual space influence upon web-sites, services and platforms, where the blogosphere (an array of blogs, communities and social media) is functioning. The blogosphere is a specific personality-oriented zone of the Internet communications, which forms a certain subculture and is used for interaction of users. The article touches upon the studying of the evolution of the genre of a diary from the «classical» one to the virtual blog. The genre of blog is analyzed and its epistolary origin is proved. The peculiarities of both the «classical diary» and the blog are studied as well. The attention is also paid to the features of a «classical diary» in blog. It is noticed that the diary genre was changed during its evolution, but nevertheless the main features of it remained the same. It is proved that the type of the addressee has undergone the biggest changes, the relations between the author and the reader have also changed. The main differences between the blog and the «classical diary» are the next: publicity, communication with adherents and responsibility for the text, which was given to the public. The application of the genre classification, created by T. Shmeliova, gave a possibility to study the features of a «classical diary» in blog. The communicative purposes, the images of the author and the addressee, of the past and the future, types of dictum content and the linguistic embodiment in these two genres were compared. It is clarified that the communicative space of the Internet changes the components of genre structure of a «classical diary», modifies and develops it according to the necessities of modern society. Being a «successor» of the «classical diary» the blog has another communicative purpose what in general leads to the evolution of the epistolary genre.

The Peculiarities of Cultural City Media Content Creation (Based on the Program «Cultural capital»)

2020-12-09T16:08:12+00:00

The article defines a strategic importance of cultural mass media content for Ukrainian cities today. The author stresses that mass media as a transmitter of culture contributes to preservation of national cultural identity and makes culture available for a wide audience. Based on the «Cultural capital» program’s realization in Dnipro, the author performs a communication analysis of regional and national issues. A special attention is paid to the analysis of event-trigger communication of cultural direction within the program «Cultural capital», as well as to their role in cultural self-identification of the city citizens. It is stated that regional events are a part of national cultural discourse formation. The article represents the specificity of materials presentation that are devoted to this program realization on nation-wide (ТСН «1+1», «Pryamy»), regional channels (channel 9, channel 34, «Suspilne Dnipro») and on information city portals and blogs (dniprograd.org, kstati.dp.ua, dp.informstor.ua, blog.yakaboo та ukrfantclub.com.ua). The author characterizes the distinction in materials presentation on different information platforms, which was found out in information gathering and the character of its presentation, verbal and non-verbal means of text organization, genre specificity. The research proves that a cultural segment is effectively supported by social networks, such as YouTube, Facebook, Twitter. The effectiveness of social networks as the channels of information spreading becomes apparent in the feedback with the users, which encourages a creative dialogue between the producers and recipients. It is stated that one of strategies of cultural program «Cultural capital» realization is holding festivals, such as Book Space, «Jazz on the Dnipro», international bloggers festival, a music festival BezViz and DniPro GOGOLFEST. A festival phenomenon is studied as a factor of the city society consolidation. A cultural effect of festival movement is shown through citizens’ understanding of unique and cultural importance of the city on the Dnipro, increasing of its status. The author emphasizes that such events make the city attractive for tourists.

Shooting and Editing Effects in Ukrainian Newsmagazine Programs

2024-03-02T19:08:32+00:00

The article analyzes the shooting and editing effects that are used in the newsmagazine television programs. The attention is focused on the negative and positive functions of such techniques. Infotainment and other media trends have an influence on all levels of television product creation. Therefore, the style of editing and shooting also did not remain unchanged. The peculiarity of the newsmagazine programs is that the process of their creation combines two opposite approaches. The first one is inherent in daily news and is considered as classic without creativity of cameramen and editor. The second is characteristic of publicism, where not only information is broadcast, but also its original author's rethinking, which in particular is manifested in non-standard visualization. Filming techniques are rarely used. This is due to the fact that the final projects are mainly focused on the broadcast content of daily news, so they borrow the already captured footage. Usually, expert comments are additionally taken, new heroes are introduced, and stand-ups of the journalists themselves are removed. All this gives rise to a certain irregularity of the video material of which the plot consists. Among the shooting effects we can distinguish: unusual shot composition, long shooting with subsequent speeding-up etc. Editing effects are often used by the creators of the newsmagazine programs, because each plot is rebuilt, regardless of whether the news item was taken from daily news or not. The game with the image is implemented through the imposition of filters, adding / disappearing objects in the frame, effects associated with the time category, multi-frame etc. The positive functions of such methods are successful visualization of ideas, translation of the author’s relationship, adding dynamics, the embodiment of the scenario and the implementation of experiments. But there is also a negative side of the phenomenon, when techniques are created for techniques, the conflict is artificially aggravated, a vivid visual effects distracts attention from socially important information. Therefore, the weighted use of filming techniques and editing special effects by the creators of the final television broadcasting becomes relevant.

Human Rights and Non-discrimination Education and Media Education

2020-12-09T15:58:37+00:00

Digital transformations help to activate not only professional media agents but also ordinary consumers. Due to the expansion of the field of media, a situation arises where control over the media comes into conflict with the realization of the human right to freedom of expression and thought. Thus, the question of inventing ways to self-regulate the processes of media creation and media consumption becomes actual. In order to form public opinion on the demand for responsible media production and media consumption, there is a need to combine human rights and non-discrimination education with the practice of media education. Public activists are often the only ones in the field of media who disseminate knowledge on human rights, non-discrimination but use media technology without considering the possible positive or negative effects. Professional information producers, in particular the mass media, do not always communicate with members of the public to the extent necessary for accurate, balanced, and impartial coverage of complex human rights issues. Therefore, one of the societal problems is the lack of effective interaction between social activists as providers of human rights and non-discrimination values and media educators, as well as journalists as providers of media literacy and professional information producers. From 2016 to 2020, we, in cooperation with public organizations and individual activists, implemented a number of projects to identify ways to solve the problems arising from this communication gap. This study presents two illustrative cases. The first case presents the experience of educational pieces of training «Creative Journalism» for schoolchildren and «School of Media Volunteers» for adults, which were created within the project «Gender Culture Center as a platform for women's rights and youth», implemented with the support of the European Union. The second case presents the results of the information campaign of the human rights festival of accessibility of the city and culture «InclusiON» on the initiative of KRF «Public Alternative» with the support of crowdfunding, Ukrainian Culture Found, and the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in Ukraine. The obtained results allowed to define the roles of interaction agents (media educators, public activists, and journalists) and to describe three models of their communication interaction: 1) chain, where public activists are a source of information and the stakeholder in the distribution of certain content in certain topics; 2) dialogue, where public activists and media educators initiate a public event together in order to create a situation of communication between journalists, public activists and representatives of certain social groups. This study paved the way for an experiment on implementation of a third type of interaction – co-production, where a journalist, a public activist and a media educator work together to create a tool for teaching media literacy.

The Role of Social Networks in the Formation of the Consumer Movement in Ukrainian Society

2021-11-21T08:40:22+00:00

The article examines the role of social networks in the process of forming a model of consumer behavior, when buying goods or ordering works or services. First of all, we were interested in the availability and quality of information on consumer issues, which are covered on social networks. After all, the modern consumer requires not only and not so much educational information, but assistance in forming an algorithm of actions when it comes to defending his right to a qualified life. Social networks, unlike many traditional media, can now provide two-way communication viewer / listener – producer / seller. Also, modern social networks, thanks to accessibility, help to create local consumer movements. That means that they unite consumers who not only need information about qualified goods, works and services, but also are ready to actively defend their position in court. It is the social networks that offer consumers, in some extent, targeted information, pre-tracking the audience’s request. Social network users, as a rule, are not passive viewers, but are active participants in the process. Besides, they can communicate directly with manufacturers, lawyers, experts on product quality. The transformation of modern media brings to the forefront of new platforms to deliver information with the help of social networks, messengers, podcasts. They help to find necessary information faster, at a convenient time and to the extent that the viewer / listener / reader needs. Thus, social networks in the near future may become not only assistants to the traditional media, but their competitors in the struggle for the audience. However, in our opinion, the consumption of information exclusively from social networks carries certain risks. As it can be low-quality and subjective, it can contain unlabeled advertising and appeals to illegal actions. After all, it can manipulate the audience in favour of the same manufacturers. Therefore, Ukrainians must learn how to consume the information from social networks.

Experts in Media: From Technology to Ecology

2020-12-09T12:52:41+00:00

This article highlights the possibilities of transition in the mutual relations between journalists, experts, and the audience from a technological approach to an ecological one. The article notes that, despite the fact that an interest in the issue of expertise in media exists in the professional community, as evidenced by discussions on this topic at various journalistic events (media forums, seminars, webinars, schools), there is almost no coverage on it in domestic scientific publications. Further, the article examines the factors of the increasing role of expertise in media. An analysis of the modern media environment in Ukraine shows that the involvement of expert commentary in preparation of various journalistic materials is of a purely technological nature. The consequences of this are a number of issues in the cooperation between journalists and experts, as well as in the audience perception of media products containing expert commentary. The article argues that a solution to this problem lies in a transition of the relationship between journalists and experts from a technological approach to an ecological one. Currently, a new interdisciplinary area of expertise, known as media ecology, is being formed. It sees its main task in the study of mechanisms of interaction between a person and the information environment, finding the most optimal models that allow effective use of media technologies, while avoiding their negative impact on both the individual and society. The article proposes a number of recommendations that will help build relationships between journalists, experts, and the audience based on a media-ecological approach. The prerequisites that facilitate the implementation of these recommendations are considered. Namely, they are the promotion of online platform services that ensure collaboration between journalists and experts; further development in the introduction of media literacy; active use of fact-checking resources; further professional self-regulation. Online platforms, which provide the opportunity for cooperation between journalists and experts, are examined and analyzed in detail. The article concludes that the prospects for further research on this topic may be the definition of criteria of expertise.

Factchecking in Ukraine: Current Problems of Format Implementation

2021-11-20T16:09:34+00:00

The article characterizes problematic aspects of functioning of the fact-checking projects identified by scientists and media experts. Among the main issues are compliance with the fact-checking methodology, the introduction of automation of the fact-checking process and the danger of using the manipulative potential of the fact-checking associated with the relative impartiality of projects, concealment of sources of funding, facilitating the transformation of media events into events and appearance of fake fact-checking. Among the most significant we consider reputational risks associated with non-compliance with the main principles and methods of fact-checking, based on the use of the open sources while verifying information, and the lack of generally accepted methods of fact-checking, that is evidenced by analysis of various forms of fact checking. It was found that all analyzed projects use their own methodology to verify and expose lies and manipulations in public statements. This is evidenced by the different approaches to the selection of the verification objects, the use of fact check algorithms and verdicts. Cases of violation of the basic principles of fact-checking and sometimes even one’s own methodology have been recorded. As a result, there may arise questions about the independence, non-ideologization and impartiality of the fact-checking projects. It is determined that this could be prevented by the introduction of fact-checking of fact-checkers, i.e. checking how online verifiers are installed, what tools are used to verify facts in statements, whether the experts are impartial in their analysis.

The Category of «Truth» in the Systems of Philosophical and Social Communication Categories

2020-12-09T13:07:41+00:00

The article considers the place, role and characteristics of ‘truth’ as a category in the categorial systems of philosophy and social communication. The study is carried out in the framework of the dissertation research that investigates truth as a social communication category of journalism. Based on the preliminary results of the study, this paper aims to identify «category» as the notion of scientific discourse as well as to determine the place of truth in the system of philosophical and social communication categories. The object of the study is truth as a concept, phenomenon and a category. The subject of the research involves categorial features and properties of truth, categorial nature and manifestation of the phenomenon in the systems of philosophical and social communication categories. The study relies on the methods of categorial, comparative and discursive analyses, generalization and synthesis. The results of the preliminary study of «truth», obtained by the author, have enabled identifying of the essential categorial features and characteristics of the phenomenon. The paper provides analysis of the concept of «truth» in the categorial systems of Aristotle, Kant, Husserl, Ingarden, as well as in Marxist-Leninist philosophy. It also considers the causes of «categorial falseness» and its social consequences. From the standpoint of modern philosophy of meta-anthropology, «truth» as a category of transcendence is regarded as a metacategory that determines the authenticity of all things (the category of essence, according to Aristotle). The study describes three basic existential levels of truth alongside with the formal-intentional one, to which artificially formed pseudo-truths and language units belong. It emphasizes that truth as a multidimensional category of existence is reflected in social communications, whereas as a category of transcendence, it finds its reflection in spiritual communications aimed at harmonization of social and personal life. Noting that the category of «truth» is not yet determined in social communications, the author introduces the notions of «spiritual communication» and «spiritual and social communication», the essential basis of which is truth as a category of transcendence, with the motive being its knowledge. The paper underlines the significance of defining truth as a social communication category and its place and role in the system of social communications and social engineering. In conclusion, the author defines truth-based social communication – the category of transcendence and spiritual communication – as «truth-centric» and aimed at harmonizing social relations, personal and social life. Truth-centric communications form the basis journalism, turning it into socially responsible activity, which is especially important in the context of global post-truth.

The Influence of the Media on Social Conflicts’ Dynamics

2020-12-09T13:22:24+00:00

The article examines the features of the influence of the media on the dynamics of social conflict. The main stages of the conflict development from the emergence of tension, the emergence of contradictions, the escalation of confrontation is considered. It has been established that the media are able to influence the development of social conflict at every stage and can inform the public about social confrontation and act as instigators or participants in the conflict. It is noted that at the latent stage of social conflict, media reports form perceptions of certain social groups and institutions; at the stage of confrontation, «hate speech» media can escalate and turn the media into a subject of conflict. Emphasis is placed on the spread of stereotypes about the subjects of conflict interaction in the media, which influences the further development of the confrontation. The example of the conflict in Rwanda shows the influence of the media on the escalation of the armed conflict. It has been established that the media use «hate speech» in their materials. The influence of the media on the dynamics of social conflict without its further escalation is traced on the example of religious confrontation. It is noted that within the framework of the Mediachek project the examination of journalistic materials is carried out, which are checked for compliance with professional standards and compliance with the law. Stereotypes, incorrect statements in mass media coverage of events with internally displaced persons in Ukraine are considered. The main problems that arise when covering the conflict in the media have been identified. It has been proven that the media are a powerful force capable of preventing, exacerbating and regulating various types of conflicts. It is emphasized that the principles of «peace journalism» contain the provisions of conflict theory. It is noted that a number of measures and research are being conducted in Ukraine aimed at avoiding the influence of the media on the aggravation of conflict interaction. It is established that the use of the principles of tolerance, journalistic standards and ethics, the provisions of «peace journalism» will help to establish public relations, reduce stereotypes and prevent the use of «hate speech».

Genres in the Context of PR-discourse: History, Typology, Challenges of Modern Times

2020-12-09T13:50:20+00:00

The article is devoted to the question of modern functioning of the system of genres in PR-discourse. Today, this issue is debatable, because there are no Ukrainian sources such as textbooks and manuals on this issue, and foreign sources do not fully cover it. In addition, lack of knowledge of foreign languages leads to the inability of students to learn the material and qualitatively apply it in practice. In modern PR discourse, all genres are divided into oral and written, video, audio or print. The article offers an analysis of such genres as press release (its varieties – press announcement, post release), biography, background, fact list, questions and answers, invitations, greetings. Media texts such as image article, image interviews, case stories are analyzed separately. The definition and specifics of such related PR-texts as slogan, resume, press review are specified. The specifics of preparation of combined PR-texts are considered: booklet, prospectus, brochure, newsletter. Particular attention is paid to the correct design of such a combined genre as folders for the press (media kit), which is a part of every official event, such as a press conference, a press tour, a presentation. Official sites, that use PR-genres to communicate, are illiterate, we see many mistakes. A large number of different genres leads to confusion in interpretation, many use all genres chaotically, without going into details, sometimes they are designed uncorrectly, do not reflect the necessary information, because their main task is to help journalists cover a person, group, organization or institution. At the present stage, the form of documents is also changing. PR-documentation is increasingly transferred to the electronic version for placement on sites, sent by e-mail, is changing in the direction of greater visualization. Competent possession of information on writing and visual design is important and relevant today.

Professional Blogosphere of YouTube Channels: Methods of Promotion, Visualization, and Rhetoric

2021-11-21T08:21:58+00:00

Blog as a phenomenon of Internet communications has been provoking debate among scientists in terms of ethics, genre, and stylistic diversity for several decades. Modern media have long been hosted on the YouTube platform and offer their own corporate blogs. Representatives of the business sphere are presenting themselves on the Internet, their motto «if you are not on the Internet, you are not in business either». Promotion of your services on the YouTube platform is one of the most effective forms to make a specialist recognizable and in demand, which actualizes special research in this area. The greatest interest among the audience is caused by educational channels for the study of languages, network technologies, the culture of public speaking, and psychology. Professionals who demonstrate their skills in these areas in the blogosphere have significant views, which automatically expands their client base. We examine successful professional channels on the following topics, namely: «Mikitko syn Alekseev» (linguistics), «Maxim Chernov» (methods of promoting content on social media), «Svoboda Rechi» (articulation and speech), «Radislav Gandapas» (public speaking), and «Evgeniya Streletskaya» (psychology). The aforementioned YouTube channels are examined from the standpoint of verbal self-identification (name (name or metaphor), target orientation (motto), headline tactics, graphs, etc.) and non-verbal (author’s photo, avatars, filming format, design, and graphics). Also, rhetorical techniques are considered, such as informativeness, the structure of the performance, special appeals to the viewer, and repetitions. As for the stylistics of speech, there is a combination of journalistic and colloquial styles, expressive techniques are added, and the presence of scientific terminology is noticeable. The use of the considered strategies contributes to the successful promotion of the specialist’s personal YouTube channel.

Use of Modern Digital Technologies for Establishing Electronic Document Management System

2020-12-09T12:59:33+00:00

The achievement of competitive advantages of the enterprise become possible due to the active implementation of digitalization tools into business processes, in particular, electronic document management systems. The purpose of the article is to outline the ways of improving the document administration system of the enterprise by its digitalization (for example, by the use of functions and tools of the Electronic document management system «ASKOD»). It has been determined that the use of electronic document management systems requires proper institutional support, adding relevant organization provisions and intriduction of electronic document management into the state standards that regulate records keeping. The implementation of electronic document management system at the enterprise should take into account the internal and external environment conditions. Therefore, the list of internal and external environment factors, which effect the documents digitization projects success, is formulated. The use of «ASKOD» electronic document system will reduce many environmental threats, in particular, the risk of third parties’ access to sensitive information. The use of an extended reference book system will help to reorganize the internal organizational structure and identify persons responsible for creating and operating the document along its entire route. Creating an appropriate system of electronic document flows reduces the volume of operational time and involved resources, allows to establish the optimal movement route of the document. Therefore, it accelerates information support for management decisions making, allows to administrate staff tasks and leads to increased productivity.

Illustrative materials and their role in shaping the image of Ukraine (on the example of the French magazine Le Point)

2021-11-21T08:23:45+00:00

The article analyzes the publications of the French magazine Le Point. It is established that one of the most important means of creating the image of a country, Ukraine in particular, is illustrative materials. It was found that illustrations mainly serve as evidence of the truthfulness and undistortedness of information, but recently they have sometimes been used to manipulate public opinion. It is shown that at this stage the image of Ukraine is quite ambiguous, since, on the one hand, Ukraine appears in the imagination of the French audience as dangerous, vulnerable, capable of concessions and hasty steps, and on the other hand, as a state that confronts a strong enemy and does not yield to it. It is proved that the use of images is an important tool for shaping the image of the state or its leaders in the media. Journalists are found to adhere to the composition, that is, the appropriate combination of image and text, in most Le Point publications. But this feature is not always traced in their materials, especially those concerning V. Zelensky. It is established that the illustrations on Le Point pages are both equivalent to the text and serve as an addition to the verbal part. They attract the user’s attention, influence their emotions, act as a clear argument to the verbal text, play a leading role in shaping the image of the country. It was found out that among illustrative materials the most widely used are static photos, slideshows, video reports, and maps of Ukraine. The greatest number of materials are on socio-political issues, there are very few publications on culture-related issues. Education / science and their development in Ukraine are not at all interesting for French journalists. Sports-related articles would represent Ukraine to most advantage, but, unfortunately, they are not covered at all. Instead, the political upheavals and scandals taking place in Ukraine are actively spread and get publicity.

The symbolic and semantic aspect of memes

2021-11-21T08:32:10+00:00

Memes are widely used in Internet communication mainly as an entertainment element that refers to famous phrases, episodes from films or uses well-known characters. In addition to interactivity and entertainment, the meme has symbolic features, in many ways it copies a philosophical and cultural concept. That is why the article examines the symbolic and semantic aspect of memes, focused on their inner meaning, as it is relevant due to the widespread use of Internet memes in everyday communication. Due to the obvious entertainment aspect of such content, less attention is paid to semantic content, though this content is the factor that determines the recipient's reaction to hidden information. The perception of the content of memes by analogy with symbols is also of great importance; attention is also paid to this, because the perception of a cultural unit, the characteristics of which the Internet meme has, was defined as individual. This suggests that each Internet element, which is a meme, can be based on the same content, but thanks to the elements and visual techniques added by the author, it has a different meaning in the perception of a particular addressee of the message. The article is based on the works of famous cultural experts and philosophers: Ernst Cassirer, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Jean Baudrillard, Alexei Losev and their positions regarding symbols, their perception by the individual. Attention is also paid to the comparison of the concepts of «meme» and «simulacrum», their models for constructing and simulating reality in hyperreality, which is characteristic of both concepts. Thanks to the analysis of the symbolic and semantic aspect of memes, this concept can be studied much deeper, simplifying the understanding of the communicative phenomenon, which is an integral part of modern mass culture, created on the Internet by both opinion leaders and ordinary users, who in this way broadcast their thoughts and experiences.

Integration of the concept of «media war» into the educational process of students, who pursue higher education in the speciality «Journalism»

2021-11-23T11:44:05+00:00

The situation of geopolitical media war and the high level of the concept’s actualization in the Ukrainian society in recent years has led to the need for changes in the content and context of the educational process of students, who pursue higher education in the speciality «Journalism». On the one hand, the communication phenomenon of media wars and information security requires a separate representation in the system of academic disciplines, on the other hand, the overwhelming majority of disciplines and the material studied within them require theoretical and practical reinterpretation and updated presentation, taking into account the circumstances of information counteraction. In this paper I introduce the integration of the concept of «media war» and related concepts into the educational process of future journalists in several aspects related to the ethical and legal specifics of journalism in the context of media wars, creative and functional parameters, audience categories and media literacy. A typology of media wars was created taking into account the scope of their deployment, and the necessity of presenting this phenomenon in the educational process in the broadest understanding and in all manifestations, in particular was proved, but as far as possible from the political context. Namely, we are talking about the integration into the educational process the information about media wars in the maximum number of spheres of society’s life: foreign and internal politics, geopolitics, religion, social life, science, culture, education, sports, business (including brand wars) etc. It is focused on the features of media war as a variety of applied socio-communicative technologies (ASCT), providing for a clearly defined practical purpose of communication and a pre-developed integral system of interrelated ways, means and tools to achieve a predetermined result. Integration of such an approach into the journalistic activities is potentially fraught with going beyond the framework of journalistic ethics and loss of audience trust. Therefore, the system of journalistic disciplines within the educational process should ensure the formation of a conscious attitude among the students towards journalistic activities in a situation of current media wars, as well as social responsibility in relation to their professional activities, taking into account the additional threats and dangers associated with the problem of finding a balance – on the one hand, with the involvement to ensure the information security of the state and society, and on the other hand, not to cross the border of effective dissemination of information and propaganda.

Interaction of Languages in the Context of Multilingualism

2021-11-29T20:12:31+00:00

Article deals with the problem of polylinguism in the context of interaction between the Kazakh and Russian languages on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the theoretical analysis, the authors give the current state of the multilingual environment among the youth of Kazakhstan. Historical expansion in the cultural aspect of a person’s language experience from the native language (the language used in the family) to mastering the languages of other people’s multilingualism is formed (learned at school, College, University, or in the language environment). Communicative competence is formed on the basis of all knowledge and all language experience, in the relationship and interaction of languages. To ensure successful communication, a person uses various communication skills in the use of languages in accordance with the situation. This radically changes the direction and process of language education, where the goal is not just to master two or three separate languages, but their active interaction, the development of a linguistic repertoire where there is a place for all linguistic skills. In this regard, Kazakhstan is developing tools that contribute to the development of a multilingual communication environment. The policy of multilingual education in educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan provides an idea of integrating the content of general language and foreign language education. Russian, national-Kazakh, national-Russian bilingualism and Kazakh-Russian-national trilingualism are the main features of the language situation in the country. The most important direction of the culture of interethnic communication in Kazakhstan is historically bilingualism, which makes it possible to communicate with a large number of people, to join the material and spiritual wealth developed by native speakers of another nation, to get closer and deeper acquainted with its history and culture. In Kazakhstan, an important feature of multilingualism is the influence of the Russian language on the functioning and development of the Kazakh language.

Innovative Tools and Media Monitoring Tools

2020-12-09T12:04:47+00:00

The article presents a research on the analysis of existing and prospective opportunities for managing information processes in the context of media monitoring. Modern tools for the implementation of automated search, systematization and fixation of content with the development of appropriate algorithms and software are presented. The basic content search tools are content analysis press clipping methods and data formalization methods when creating profile media reports. Three stages are suggested as the basic algorithm for media monitoring. The first one involves collecting thematic information with the primary systematization of the data obtained according to the criteria of the timeline of publication, keywords (names, terms, names) and localization of the search area in online and offline formats. The second stage is the task of in-depth systematization of the data obtained, through ordering by search queries and content analysis of the content. In the third stage, the content processing algorithm involves its visualization, analysis and development of appropriate decision-making recommendations. As media monitoring tools, two blocks are considered – manual and automated procedures. Manual work involves performing a certain sequence of actions by a group of profile professionals. And for the implementation of the automated procedure, it is planned to use such tools as BigData, artificial neural networks, swarm intelligence and others. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop integrated, cross-sectoral projects in Ukraine that will address the issues of improving information management, in particular in the field of media. The result of such work should be the creation of software that will have the functions of automated monitoring and management of information fields in the Ukrainian media.

Reflection of the Value Dominant «Life» in the Weekly Newspaper «Mirror of the week. Ukraine» in the Period from September to November 2019

2021-11-29T19:57:29+00:00

«Value dominant» is one of the most important universals, which is the object of research in the humanities and philosophical sciences. In addition, the study of value dominants allows to identify complex processes of socio-cultural life of society. Due to the fact, that we currently are in an acute and uncertain situation, which is related not only to domestic political, economic and social problems, but also to foreign policy, such as aggression of the Russian Federation and the unstable situation in the world as a whole, the subject of the study is selected to be the value dominant «LIFE» and its derivatives «LIVE», «SURVIVE», «LIFE ACTIVITY» and its antonymous anti-value «DEATH» and its derivatives «DIE», «KILLED». The aim of the article is to determine the use of the value dominant in the strong positions of the text, as well as the context in which it is used. The research tool is a computer program for text analysis MAXQDA. Based on quantitative, qualitative and cluster analysis, it was found that the value dominant «LIFE» in the media texts of this period is generally immersed in a negative context and is often used along with anti-values.