Axiolinguistic Characteristics of Poverty in the Ukrainian Language and Linguistic Culture
Abstract
The verbal objectification of subjective features and society's assessment of the economic status of a certain segment of the population are of interest in this linguistic and cultural study, which aims to diachronically and synchronously analyze the conceptualization of poverty in Ukrainian linguistic culture and in the language consciousness. The peculiarity of the process of forming the economic identification of a person is that there are objective signs of a person's property status that have a pronounced national, socio-economic, cultural and regional character. These objective features are also conditioned by systemic, linguistic and linguistic-cultural factors that have a significant impact on the value level of collective and individual economic consciousness. We also focused on the study of the perception and interpretation of the concept of "poverty" by modern Ukrainians. To do this, we used the methods of questionnaires and an association experiment. First, we provided the definition of "poverty" by economic science and sociology, considering also the concepts of "psychology of poverty" and economic identification; second, we analyzed the concept of "poverty" in the historical perspective on the basis of dictionary information by creating a nominative space of the concept; third, we turned to experimental methods, namely, an association experiment and a questionnaire survey. The results showed that modern native speakers no longer perceive poverty as a manifestation of evil fate or God's punishment, but as a result, on the one hand, of their own inability to earn enough money, or, on the other hand, as a consequence of economic crises and hardships that cause a person's material condition to deteriorate. A person who is poor or in need has to take responsibility for himself or herself and not expect help from other people. The perception and interpretation of concepts from the nominal space of poverty has certain differences compared to the interpretation by historical dictionaries. Thus, a poor person cannot even count on sympathy, because his poverty is the result of his inaction, laziness, etc.
Downloads
References
Bobro, M. (2017). The Oppositions “Top–Bottom” and “Movement up – Movement down” as Axiological Markers of the Concept “Life”. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V. N. Karazina. Seriia «Filolohiia». Vyp. 77. Kharkiv, 2017. S. 39–42.
Holubovska, I. O. (2004). Etnichni osoblyvosti movnykh kartyn svitu. [Ethnic peculiarities of language pictures of the world]. K.: Lohos, 2004. 283 s.
Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy: ofitsiinyi sait. [State Statistics Service of Ukraine: official website]. URL: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/
Dubrovskyi, V. (1918). Slovnyk moskovsko-ukrainskyi. [Dictionary of Moscow-Ukrainian]. K.: Vyd-vo Ridna mova, 1918. 548 s.
Zhaivoronok, V.V. (2006). Znaky ukrainskoi etnokultury : slovnyk-dovidnyk. [Signs of Ukrainian ethnoculture: a dictionary and reference book]. K.: Dovira, 2006. 703 s.
Etymolohichnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [Etymological dictionary of the Ukrainian language]: U 7 t. / Redkol. O. S. Melnychuk (holov. red.) ta in. K.: Nauk. Dumka, 1983.
Matvieiev, S. O., Liasota, L. I. (2006). Ekonomichna sotsiolohiia: pidruchnyk. [Economic sociology: a textbook]. S. : Universytetska knyha, 2006. 184 s.
Mezhzherina, H. V. (2006). Movna kartyna svitu chasiv Kyivskoi Rusi (na materiali pysemnykh pamiatok XI–XIII st.) [The linguistic picture of the world in the times of Kievan Rus (on the basis of written monuments of the XI-XIII centuries)]: avtoref. dys. ... dokt. filol. nauk : 10.02.01. Kyiv., In-t ukr. movy NANU, 2006. 36 s.
Movni i kontseptualni kartyny svitu. (2005). [Linguistic and conceptual pictures of the world]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats. Vyp. 18. Knyha 2. K. : Vyd. Dim Dmytra Buraho, 2005. 350 s.
Moskalenko, V. (2004). Suchasni napriamy doslidzhen v ekonomichnii psykholohii [Modern directions of research in economic psychology]. Sotsialna psykholohiia. 2004. № 3. S. 3–21.
Moskalenko, V. (2006). Ekonomichna sotsializatsiia osobystosti: kontseptualna model. [Economic socialization of personality: a conceptual model]. Sotsialna psykholohiia. 2006. №3 (17). C. 3–16.
Mizin, K. Yu., Petrov, O. O. (2014). Moralno-etychnyi parametr kontseptu “shchedrist” u brytanskii, nimetskii, ukrainskii i rosiiskii linhvokulturakh [Moral and ethical parameter of the concept "generosity" in British, German, Ukrainian and Russian linguistic cultures] // Movoznavstvo. 2014. № 5. S. 71–81.
Ohiienko, I. I. (1994). Etymolohichno-semantychnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [Etymological and semantic dictionary of the Ukrainian language]; Za red. Yurii Mulyk-Lutsyk. Vinnipeh : Trident Press Ltd, 1994. 557 s.
Prykhodko, A. M. (2008). Kontsepty i kontseptosystemy v kohnityvno-dyskursyvnii paradyhmi linhvistyky [Concepts and concept systems in the cognitive-discursive paradigm of linguistics]. Z. : Premier, 2008. 332 s.
Pro zatverdzhennia planu zakhodiv na 2019 rik z realizatsii Stratehii podolannia bidnosti: Rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy; [On approval of the action plan for 2019 to implement the Poverty Reduction Strategy: Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine]; Plan, Zakhody vid 20.02.2019 № 86-r. URL: http://surl.li/qitwx
Radzyevskaia, T. V. (2004). Predstavlenyia o trude po dannym ukraynskoho yazyka, yly o kontseptakh "pratsia" y "robota" // Sokrovennye smysly : Slovo. Tekst. Kultura [Representations of labor according to Ukrainian language data, or about the concepts "pratsya" and "robota" ] // The hidden meanings : Slovo. Text. Culture: [sb. statei v chest N. D. Arutiunovoi] / Otv. red. Yu. D. Apresian. M. : Yazyky slavianskoi kultury, 2004. S. 632–639.
Ryhovanova,V. A. (2010). Poniattia «movna svidomist» u suchasnii linhvistychnii teorii [The Concept of "Language Consciousness" in Modern Linguistic Theory] // Visnyk LNU im. T. Shevchenka № 13 (200), Ch. II, 2010, S. 180-187.
Samootsinka domohospodarstvamy Ukrainy rivnia svoikh dokhodiv (za danymy vybirkovoho opytuvannia domohospodarstv u sichni 2018 roku). Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy, 2018. [Self-assessment of income by Ukrainian households (based on a sample survey of households in January 2018). State Statistics Service of Ukraine]. URL: http://surl.li/qittk
Slovnyk antonimiv ukrainskoi movy: ponad 2000 antonimichnykh par [Dictionary of antonyms of the Ukrainian language: more than 2000 antonymic pairs] / ukl. Poliuha L.M. K.: Radianska shkola,1987. 507 s.
Slovnyk synonimiv ukrainskoi movy [Dictionary of Synonyms of the Ukrainian Language], u 2-kh tomakh / ukl. Buriachok A. A., Hnatiuk H. M ta in., K.: Naukova dumka,1999. 477 s.
Slovnyk staroukrainskoi movy XIV—XV st.[Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the XIV-XV centuries]. /Red. L. L. Humetska. I. M. Kernytskyi. Kyiv, «Naukova dumka», 1977. T. 1, s. 24–56.
Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy: [Dictionary of the Ukrainian language]: v 11 tt. / AN URSR. Instytut movoznavstva; za red. I. K. Bilodida. K.: Naukova dumka, 1970—1980. T. 3. S. 591
Sotsialna psykholohiia bidnosti : monohrafiia [Social psychology of poverty: a monograph] / T. I. Bielavina, V. O. Vasiutynskyi, V. Yu. Vinkov ta in. ; za red. V. O. Vasiutynskoho ; Natsionalna akademiia pedahohichnykh nauk Ukrainy, Instytut sotsialnoi ta politychnoi psykholohii. K. : Milenium, 2016. 294 c.
Slovar staroslavianskoho yazyka (2006). V 4 -kh t. Reprynt s yzdanyia Cheshskoi Akademyy nauk (1966-1997) [Dictionary of the Old Slavonic Language. In 4 vols. Reprinted from the Czech Academy of Sciences (1966-1997)]. SPb., 2006. URL: http://ksana-k.ru/dict/ss/ss.htm.
Sreznevskyi, Y. Y. (1893). Slovar drevnerusskoho yazyka. V tryokh tomakh. Repryntnoe yzdanye [Dictionary of the Old Russian Language. In three volumes]. M.: Knyha, 1989. URL: http://surl.li/qjecn. (Materyaly dlia slovaria drevnerusskoho yazyka Y. Y. Sreznevskoho). SPb., 1893.
Slovar russkoho yazyka XI–XVII vv. [Dictionary of the Russian language XI-XVII cc.]. Vyp. 1-28 (1975-2008).
Taranenko, O. O. (2012). Formuvannia novoi systemy sotsialnykh tsinnostei i priorytetiv ukrainskoho suspilstva [Formation of a new system of social values and priorities of Ukrainian society] // Movoznavstvo. 2012. № 3. S. 3–31; № 5. S. 13–40; № 6. S. 3–22; 2013. № 6. S. 3–26; 2014. № 1. S. 3–31; 2014. № 3 S. 3– 33; № 5. S. 16–34.
Tokarskyi, T. B. (2018). Sotsyalnaia polytyka preodolenyia bednosty v Ukrayne v kontekste evropeiskoi yntehratsyy [Social Policy for Overcoming Poverty in Ukraine in the Context of European Integration]. Legea si Viata. 2018. № 8 / 2. S. 127–132.
Etymolohycheskyi slovar slavianskykh yazykov: Praslavianskyi leksycheskyi fond [Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Languages : The Praslavonic Lexical Foundation] / Pod red. O. N. Trubacheva. Vyp. 1-10, 11, 12-20, 21–30. M.: Nauka, 1974–1994.
Tsyhanenko, H. P. (1989). Etymolohycheskyi slovar russkoho yazыka: Bolee 5 000 slov [Etymological dictionary of the Russian language: More than 5,000 words]. 2-e yzd., pererab. y dop. K.: Rad. shk., 1989. 511 s.
Yarotska, H. S. (2012). Tsennostnye aspekty kontseptualyzatsyy bohatstva / bednosty: dyakhronycheskyi aspekt [Value aspects of wealth/poverty conceptualization: diachronic aspect] // «O, skolko nam otkrytyi chudnykh...» // Materialy k 80-letyiu so dnia rozhdenyia Dmytryia Semёnovycha Yshchenko. Odessa: Odesskyi natsyonalnyi unyversytet. Odesa, 2012. S. 110–113.
Yarotska, H. S. (2009). Eksplikatsiia utylitarnykh tsinnostei ekonomichnoi svidomosti v movnii kartyni svitu [Explication of utilitarian values of economic consciousness in the linguistic picture of the world ]// Informatsiina osvita ta profesiino-komunikatyvni tekhnolohii KhKhI stolittia: [zb. materialiv mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf.] Odesa, 10-12 veresnia 2009 roku / Pid zah. red. V.T. Sprinsiana. Odesa: Druk, 2009. S. 92–101.
Maizhe kozhen chetvertyi zhytel Ukrainy opynyvsia za mezheiu bidnosti – Svitovyi bank [Almost one in four people in Ukraine is below the poverty line - World Bank]. URL: http://surl.li/qitsd
Za mezheiu bidnosti [Below the poverty line ]. URL:http://surl.li/qiuat
Jaromowic, M. (1998). Self-We-Others schemata and soc identifications // Social identity: International perspitive / Eds. Worchel S., Morales J.F., Paez D., Des-champs J. N.Y.: Sage Publ., 1998. P. 44–52.
Jenkins, R. (1996). Social identity. L.: Routledge, 1996.
Lewis, A., Weble, P., Furnham, A. (1995). The new economic mind: the social psychology of economic behavior. N.Y., 1995.
Moscovici, S. (1988). Notes towards a description of social representation // Europ. J. Soc. Psychol. 1988. V. 18. P. 211–250.
