Social and geographic analysis of the migration processes in Kirovograd region

Abstract

The research covers social and geographic peculiarities of the migration processes in Kirovohrad Region from 2005 to 2014 where the negative tendencies of the main kinds of migration were observed during the indicated period. The basic indicators such as: migration turnover, ratio of arrival and departure intensity, general ratio of migration intensity, ratio of turnover intensity, have been also calculated.

Kirovohrad Region has the biggest negative general ratio of migration decrease per 10,000 of current population which makes -8.6. The smallest migration turnover was observed in 2009 and comprised 26,180 persons. The biggest one was observed in 2012 and made 35,109 persons. General ratio of migration intensity of all streams was changing from -5.1 in 2005 to -0.9 in 2014. The tendencies for the ratio increase were registered in interregional migration and ranged from -5.0 in 2005 tо -1.2 in 2014. In international migration this index varied from -0.14 tо 0.36. A group of districts with negative migration balance was singled out. They are Vilshanskyi, Dobrovelychkivskyi, Znamianskyi, Novoukrainskyi, Ustynivskyi, Oleksanderivskyi, Oleksandriiskyi Districts. A considerable positive migration balance is characteristic only of the most economically developed one, Kirovohrad District. Interregional migration streams are directed to Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv, Odesa, Cherkasy Regions. The biggest migration gain was from Donetsk and Luhansk Regions in 2014 due to internally displaced people.

The international migration of Kirovohrad region population is characterized by the rates growth of migration increase from negative indicators in 2005 (-153 persons) to positive in 2014 (360 persons). During the recent decade the main donor countries of migrants have been Russia, Moldova and Transcaucasian nations: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia. The main recipient countries of Kirovohrad migrants were the United States of America, Russia, Germany, Israel.

The age structure of the migrants in the region is characterized by the predominance of working age people 76 – 80 per cent of the total number of migrants. Graphics and diagrams have been made and based on the respective calculations.

The main factors of migration in our region are those describing the living conditions: natural and geographic, economic, environmental, etc. An important factor for the region is also active irreversible outflow of students to study in other parts of the country.