On the problem of geochemical and metallogenic province formation

Abstract

The comparison of the chemism, mineralogy, rare element composition of the Earth's crust, magmatism and upper mantle in Tien Shan and the Baikal-Mongolian regions within the western and eastern sectors of the Paleozoic Central Asian mobile belt, enables us to assign them to different geochemical provinces. Mantle metasomatic rocks and alkaline basites of Pamir-Tien Shan province and / or its individual units are characterized by abnormally high concentrations of lithophile and chalcophile elements (Cs, Li, B, F, Sr, Sn, Hg, Sb, Ag, Pb, Zn, etc.), which is consistent with  the presence of large and unique deposits of these elements. Mantle deposits play an important role in the overall balance of reserves of ore and rare elements of the Pamir-Tien Shan and other areas, and this factor should be considered when conducting metallogenic forecasting and prospecting works. Possible reasons for the formation of geochemical and metallogenic provinces are caused by several factors, and the most important among them are recurrent and compositionally similar mantle thermochemical plumes.