Application of ecological footprint methodology in a constructive and geographical research

Abstract

The article identifies the aspects of using the ecological footprint (EF) methodology in constructive and geographical research while doing environmental impact assessment in Ukrainian regions. It analyzes how the methodology considers the complexity of environmental impacts, what spatial patterns can be determined, and how EF can be useful in decision-making.

The theoretical foundation of the research are publications of the recognized environmentalists retrieved from the Science Direct. The calculations for further analysis are made based on data available at the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography, and Cadastre.

The research includes three stages: 1) analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the EF methodology; 2) calculation of EF and biocapacity in Ukrainian regions in 2000-2012 and identification of the trends; and 3) consideration of usefulness of the methodology for making decisions.

In the scope of the study, EF is successfully used to assess the environmental impact of the Ukrainian population. It allows to draw the conclusion that the current consumption patterns determine the unstable use of natural resources and ecosystem services. Thus, the difference is imported from other territories, so the citizens become recipients of natural goods produced outside the country.

Two patterns were identified as a result of the regional EF and biocapacity trends: 1) the values change in different directions and 2) unidirectionally. The latter pattern is important for decision-makers because they should take action when the regional biocapacity decreases, while the environmental pressure rises, which is true for 7 Ukrainian regions in the studied period.