Genesis of Shaping a Concept of Environmental Safety in a Global Social and Political Thought and Political and Legal Practice
Abstract
The article carries out a retrospective analysis of the genesis of shaping a concept of environmental security in world social and political thought and political and legal practice. The phenomenon of ecological security is considered as one of the most important issues of today’s reality, which reflects the influence of human activity in various fields on the natural environment is acute and is an urgent problem of our time, which actualizes the need for scientific understanding of phenomena and processes of both global environmental changes and direct human influence on the public environment in the context of public management and regulation processes of ensuring environmental security of national states and the whole world community It is emphasized that the global level of environmental security problems requires appropriate global response: understanding, conceptualization and development appropriate planetary strategy and public policy of environmental protection security and institutionalization of interstate, national and social structures necessary for the implementation of such a policy. It was concluded that the concept of environmental security, which originated on the border 18th–20th centuries, began to receive its scientific and social and political interpretation in the 20th century, but arose most acutely from the beginning of the third millennium, when humanity became aware of the threatening patterns of further increasing anthropogenic harmful impact on the environment. The issue of environmental safety were regularly considered at the highest level of the UN conference. However, the desired the result has not yet been achieved and the «window of opportunity» for humanity is getting narrow
Downloads
References
About the United Nations Environment Programme. UNEP Official site. URL: https://www.unep.org/ about-us
Adoption of the Paris Agreement: FCCC/CP/2015/L.9/Rev.1. 12 December 2015.
URL: https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09r01.pdf
Baechler, Gunther. (1999). Violence through Environmental Discrimination: Causes, Rwanda Arena and Conflict Model. Dodrecht: Kluwert Academic Publishers.
Ban entreats leaders to seal climate deal on final day of Copenhagen talks. (2009). UN News: Global perspective Human stories. 18 December 2009. URL: https://news.un.org/en/story/2009/ 12/324732
Bashford, Alison, Chaplin, Joyce E. (2017). The New Worlds of Thomas Robert Malthus: Rereading the Principle of Population. Princeton University Press.
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros. (1992). An Agenda for Peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peacekeeping. UN Documents A747/277 and S/24111. United Nations. Geneva.
Brawnill, J. (2017). The security implications of global environmental change. Environmental Change and Peace. Edward Elgar Publishing, 21–36.
Brown, Neville. (1989). Climate, Ecology and International Security. Survival. vol 31,
no. 6, 519–532.
Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. CITES: Official documents. URL : https://cites.org/eng/disc/text.php
Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Principally as Habitat for Waterfowl Habitat. UNESCO Official site. URL: https://en.unesco.org/about-us/legal-affairs/convention-wetlands-international-importance-especially-waterfowl-habitat
Ehrlich Paul. (1968). The Population Bomb. Ballantine Books.
Peter, J. May, Raymond, J. Burby, Neil, J. Ericksen, John, W. Handmer, Jennifer E. Dixon, Sarah, Michaels and D. Ingle Smith. (1996). Environmental Management and Governance: Intergovernmental Approaches to Hazards and Sustainability. London & New York.
Forrester, Jay Wright. (1971). World Dynamics. Wright-Allen Press.
Global expectations high for climate change breakthrough – Ban Ki-moon. UN News: Global perspective Human stories. 12 December 2007. URL: https://news.un.org/en/story/2007/12/243142
Goodland, Robert. (1994). Environmental Sustainability: Imperative for Peace Environment, Poverty, Conflict. PRIO Report, no. 2.1 Ed. by Graeger Nina, Smith Dan. Oslo, 19–46.
Hinrichsen, Don. (1999). 6000000000 Consumption Machines. International Wildlife. September/October, 33–45.
Homer-Dixon, Thomas and Percival, Valerie. (1994). Environmental Scarcity and Violent Conflict: The Case of Rwanda. The Journal of Environment & Development, vol. 5, no. 3, September 1994, 270–291.
Homer-Dixon, Thomas. (1994). Environmental Scarcities and Violent Conflict: Evidence from Cases. International Security. Summer, vol. 19, no. 1, 5–40.
Homer-Dixon, Т. (1999). Environment, Scarcity and Violence. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Human Development Report 1994: New Dimensions of Human Security. United Nations Development Program. New York. 1994. URL: https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-1994
Huntington, Samuel P. (1993). The Clash of Civilizations? Foreign Affairs. Summer, 22–47.
James Hansen, father of climate change awareness, calls Paris talks ‘a fraud’.
The Guardian. 12 December 2015. URL: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/13/paris-climate-agreement-signal-end-of-fossil-fuel-era
Jonas, H. (1984). The imperative of responsibility: In search of an ethics for the technological age. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. URL: https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/I/bo5953283.html
Kaplan, D. Robert. (1994). The Coming Anarchy. Atlantic Monthly, vol. 273, no. 2, 44–76.
Kaplan, Robert D. (2002). The Coming Anarchy: Shattering the dreams of the post-cold war. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
Karen, Hulme. Environmental Security: Implications for International Law. URL: search.proquest.com/technologycollection/docview/1563228758/fulltextPDF/4C74846CBEE34C10PQ/152?accountid=174530.
Karliner, Josh. (1989). Central America’s Other War. World Policy Journal, vol. 6, 787–810.
Landmark UN climate change conference kicks off in Copenhagen. UN News: Global perspective Human stories. 7 December 2009. URL: https://news.un.org/en/story/2009/12/323452
Mathews, Jessica T. (1989). Redefining Security. Foreign Affairs, vol. 68, no. 2, 162–177.
Meadows Donella H. Meadows Dennis L., Randers Jorgen, Behrens William W. (1972). Limits to Growth. New York: Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated.
Meadows Donella H. Meadows Dennis L., Randers Jorgen. (1992). Beyond the Limits: Confronting Global Collapse, Envisioning a Sustainable Future. Chelsea Green Pub.
Meadows Donella, Richardson John, Richardson John Martin, Bruckmann Gerhart. (1982). Groping in the Dark: The First Decade of Global Modelling. John Wiley.
Myers, Norman. (1989). Environment and Security. Foreign Policy, vol. 47, 23–41.
Nye, Joseph S. (2004). Soft Power. The Means to Success in World Politics. New York: Public Affairs.
Paris, R. (2001). Human security: Paradigm Shift or Hot Air? International Security, vol. 26, no. 2, (Fall 2001), 87–102.
Renner, Michael. (1988). National Security: the Economic and Environmental Dimensions. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, vol. 8, is. 6, December 1988, 571–572.
Rio Declaration On Environment and Development. Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. (Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992). United Nations. General Assembly A/CONF.151/26 (Vol. 1). Distr. General. 12 August 1992.
Smith, Dan. (1994). Dynamics of Contemporary Conflict: Consequences for Development Strategies. Environment, Poverty, Conflict. PRIO Report, no. 2.1 Ed. by Graeger Nina, Smith Dan. Oslo, 47–89.
Smith, Heather A. (2001). Facing Environmental Security. Journal of Military and Strategic Studies. Spring 2001, vol. 4, is. 1. URL: http:///www.jmss.org/2001/article3.html
Stern, Nicholas. (2006). The Economics of Climate Change. The Stern Review. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, URL: https://assets.cambridge.org/97805217/00801/frontmatter/9780521700801_frontmatter.pdf
Strautiu, Eugen. Theories of environmental security in western democracies. URL: search.proquest.com/technologycollection/docview/1269694089/fulltextPDF/4C74846CBEE34C10PQ/53?account id=174530.
The Club of Rome: History. Official site. URL: https://www.clubofrome.org/history/
The Peoples – The role of the United Nations in the 21st Century. New York, United Nations 2000. URL : http://www.un.org/millennium/sg/report/key.html
The World Heritage Convention. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. URL: https://whc.unesco.org/en/convention/
Tobias, Michael. (1998). World War III: Population and the Biosphere at the End of the Millenium. New York, The Continuum Publishing Company.
Tuathail, Gearoid О. (1996). Critical Geopolitics: The Politics of Writing Global Space. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Ullman, Richard H. (1983). Redefining Security. International Security, vol. 8, no. 1, 129–153.
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, 5-16 June 1972, Stockholm. UN Official site. URL: https://www.un.org/en/conferences/environment/stockholm1972#:~:text=The%20Action%20Plan%20contained%20three%20main%20categories%3A%20a%29,carried%20out%20at%20the%20national%20and%20international%20levels
UN conference agrees on future steps to tackle climate change. UN News: Global perspective Human stories. 10 December 2005. URL: https://news.un.org/en/story/2005/12/163212
Viñuales, Jorge E. (2015). The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development: A Commentary. Oxford University Press.
Westing, Arthur H. (1989). The Environmental Component of Comprehensive Security. Bulletin of Peace Proposals, vol. 20, no. 2, 129–134.
Window to reach climate goals „rapidly closing”, UN report warns. UN News: Global perspective Human stories. 8 September 2023. URL: https://news.un.org/en/news/topic/climate-change?f%5B0%5D=date%3A2023
World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common Future. New York. URL: www.un.org
